The Law can be daunting in your own mother tongue,
But even more so in a ‘foreign tongue’ therefore if you find yourself involved in a dispute it is imperative to obtain good legal advice that you can understand. Judicial Power in Spain is regulated and according to arts 117.1 and art 1.LOPJ justice is administered only by judges and magistrates – the exercise of judicial authority in any type of action is vested exclusively in courts and tribunals as laid down by the law.
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For jurisdictional purposes Spain and Territories of Spain are divided into:
Municipos (Municipalities)
Where there is no Juzgados de Primera Instancia e Instruccion (First instance and Examination Court), there are Juzgados de Paz (Justice of the Peace) whose status, function and limitation is defines at art. 99 et seq.. LOPJ
Partidos Judiciales (Judicial Districts)
- Juzgados de Primera Instancia e Instruccion (First instance and Examination Court),
- Juzgados de lo Penal (Criminal Courts)
- Juzgados de lo Contenciosa-administrativo ( Judicial review of administrative acts)
- Juzgados de lo Social (Employment Courts)
- Juzgados de Menores (Juvenile Courts)
- Juzgados de Vigilancia penitenciaria (Prison Security Courts)
Provincias (Provinces) - Provinces each have a Provincial Court
Comunidades Autonomas ( Autonomous Communities) - Autonomous Communities each have a High Court of Justice.
Spain incl. Spanish Territory
Tribunal Supremo (Supreme Court – Court of Last Resort)
Audencia Nacional (National Court – Court of Appeal)
Those territorial districts have a variety of courts and tribunals that are organised to deal with subject matter in four distinct categories
- Civil Courts for civil or commercial issues
- Criminal Courts for alleged violations of the criminal code
- Social Courts for employment and social security issues
- Administrative Courts – deals with claims based on alleged acts carried out by a public administration.
With a myriad of legal collectives it is imperative to obtain sound legal advice -contact Law Office Spain
Disclaimer: The information contained on this page does not set out to give anything other than a glimpse of certain aspects of this area of Spanish Law. Professional advice should always be sought from a qualified Spanish lawyer.
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